Efficacy

Evaluation Model

Evaluation Indicator

Whitening

Enzymatic Activity Assay

Tyrosinase Activity Assay

Inhibition rate of tyrosinase activity

Measurement of intracellular tyrosinase activity in A375 human melanin cells

Inhibition rate of tyrosinase activity

Measurement of intracellular melanin content in B16F10 mouse melanin cells

Melanin content

Melanin Experiment

Measurement of intracellular tyrosinase activity in B16F10 mouse melanin cells

Inhibition rate of tyrosinase activity

Measurement of dendrite length and quantity in MNT-1 human melanin cells

Length and quantity of dendrites in melanocytes

Length and quantity of dendrites in melanocytes

E.g TRP-1, TYR, etc.

Measurement of intracellular melanin content in MNT-1 human melanin cells

Melanin content

Fluorescent staining- Melanin transfer

Melanin transfer

Antioxidant

DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay

DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay free radical scavenging rate

PTIO (2-phenyl- 4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) radical scavenging assay

PTIO (2-phenyl- 4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) free radical scavenging rate

Induction of oxidation stress model in HaCaT by UVB

Free radicals including ROS, SOD

Anti-glycosylation

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) - Fructose Maillard reaction simulation

Inhibition rate of advanced glycation end products (AGEs)

High glucose-induced fibroblast glycation model

AGEs   (CML), measurement of RAGE content, and measurement of glucose uptake

Glycation model of natural aging in primary fibroblasts

AGEs   (CML), measurement of RAGE content